The world's largest permanent desert lake and largest alkaline lake

Lake Turkana

A jade sea in the middle of the desert.

Surface area6,750 km²
Water volume204 km³
Max depth109 m
Mean depth30 m
Surface elevation360 m a.s.l.
LocationKenya / Ethiopia
Typerift, endorheic (alkaline) lake

Where the lake is

The pulsing dot marks the lake's position (Kenya / Ethiopia).

Lake Turkana
Area is not volume
16.by surface area
17.by water volume

among the 18 lakes in this section

The map intuition

There is no large body of water in a desert.

What measurement says

Turkana covers 6,750 km² amid an arid landscape. It is larger than many European lakes, although its mean depth is only 30 m. A desert setting does not imply a small surface area.

About the lake

Turkana lies in a hot, desert section of Kenya's East African Rift. It is fed mainly by Ethiopia's Omo River and has no outlet. Water leaves through evaporation while dissolved salts remain, making the lake brackish and alkaline.

It is the world's largest permanent desert lake and largest alkaline lake. Nearby fossil sites have yielded key remains of human ancestors, so the region is often called the 'cradle of humankind'.

Lake Turkana: Questions

The lake has no outlet, so water leaves mainly through evaporation while salts and minerals remain. Algae contribute to its greenish colour, which inspired the name 'Jade Sea'.

It is a body of water with no outlet to the sea. Incoming water leaves mainly through evaporation, so salts accumulate. Turkana is the world's largest permanent desert lake of this type.

Because some of the most important fossils of human ancestors were found nearby, including the nearly complete 'Turkana Boy' skeleton.

Sources and data year
Other lakes in true scale